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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

You probably already know that different varieties produce distinct flavors. Read on to learn about four of the most sought-after varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans, a type Liberica, are grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a fruitier and tarter flavor profile, and are often added to blends of coffee to add depth.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans wholesale suppliers beans are responsible for 75% of the global production. Arabica beans have a milder and sweeter flavor than Robusta. They are available in a variety of flavour profiles. The taste and aroma components of a coffee may vary widely depending on the growing conditions and the processing methods employed to produce it.

The word "coffee" actually comes from the Arabic word for berry, and coffee beans are fruit seeds that grow inside bright red berries. It is believed that the ancient Ethiopian shepherds noticed that their goats were energized after eating the fruits. The cultivation of coffee grew quickly across the globe.

Coffee beans can be grown at high altitudes and are in a position to thrive in cold temperatures and plenty of rain. This is why Arabica coffee is considered to be the most delicious kind of coffee.

Many specialty coffee beans bulk buy shops and roasters focus on using ethically-sourced arabica beans by focusing on fair compensation for farmers as well as sustainable growing practices. These companies often blend arabica beans to make distinctive coffees that are suitable for many different methods of brewing. Blending gives control over the aroma, flavor and body, as well as the acidity of coffee. It is often utilized to create a consistent and balanced flavor that appeals a wide market.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most widely used type of coffee beans shop bean cultivated worldwide. They have a higher caffeine content per bean than Arabica and are more resistant to diseases and pests. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids, which are naturally-occurring antioxidants. These acids can cause oxidation during the brewing process, and can result in undesirable flavors.

The plant is more resilient than the arabica, and can thrive in less favorable conditions. It can tolerate warmer temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It produces more strong coffee beans per plant and grows more quickly than arabica. This makes it a economically viable crop to cultivate.

Although it may sound contradictory the fact is that arabica and Robusta beans are often blended together to create coffee blends. If you see the names of countries like Uganda or Kenya listed on a coffee bag it's likely there's a bit of robusta too.

Although some roasters exclusively use arabica beans but the majority do a mix of the two varieties in order to cut costs and maintain the quality. To ensure the quality of the flavor, it's crucial to select a top-quality bean from a source you trust. This can be achieved by purchasing your beans direct from a farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans have a shape like a football, which makes them different from other coffee beans. They have a distinctive aroma that is fruity and floral with the smoky notes. They are added to other types of coffee beans to give them a deeper and more robust flavor.

Liberica coffee beans are found in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo) and Southeast Asia. They are resistant to hot, humid climates and can thrive at low altitudes. They also have a better resistance to disease than Arabica and Robusta.

These characteristics make them ideal for growing at home. The seeds can be found online from many sources, but it is best to buy locally-owned producers to ensure the quality of the beans. The best growing conditions for Liberica coffee plants include fertile deep volcanic soils with moderately acidic pH as well as adequate annual rainfall.

Another kind of coffee bean is Excelsa which was previously considered a distinct species, but was re-classified as a variant of Liberica. These coffee beans are elongated ovals that grow on large 20-30-foot coffee plants that are located at medium altitudes. Their unique taste is both tart and sour, which makes them a popular choice for blends that are house-made. They have a less pronounced scent and a lower caffeine content that is lower than Arabica or Robusta however they have a distinct flavor.

Excelsa

Excelsa coffee beans aren't as popular as Arabica and Robusta, despite being the fourth most popular. They were actually regarded as an entirely different species of coffee until 2006 when they were reclassified to be a synonym for Coffea Liberica var. dewevrei. They are produced in Southeast Asia today and account for 7% of the world's production of coffee. These unroasted coffee beans (article source) beans are shaped like teardrops and possess a dark, mysterious taste. They are frequently used to give blends extra body and a tangy taste of ripe fruits.

Arabica beans are the most well-known and are known for their sweeter taste. They thrive in tropical and warm climates and at high altitudes. They are slightly acidic. When roasted and brewed properly they may have notes of nuts, chocolate, or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most sought-after coffee around the world. It is responsible for 40% of the coffee consumed globally. Robusta beans are rounder and smaller, but contain twice the amount of caffeine as Arabica. They are also bitterer than the other two types and have an earthy, woody taste.

After you've learned about the four most popular types and their characteristics, it's time to select the best brew. If you're looking for a silky mild flavor, go for an arabica bean or a blend of arabica and robusta beans.